Also / Too / Either

The following is a mini-tutorial on the use of the words "also," "too" and "either."

+ Also
USE:
"Also" is used in positive sentences to add an agreeing thought.

Examples:
"Jane speaks French. Sam also speaks French."
"I love chocolate. I also love pizza."
"Frank can come with us. Nancy can also come with us."

PLACEMENT:
"Also" comes after "to be."

Examples:
"I am also Canadian."
"I was also there."

With verbs other than "to be," "also comes before single verb forms.

Examples:
"I also sing."
"He also helped us."

In verb tenses with many parts, "also" comes after the first part and before the second.

Examples:
"I have also been to Hong Kong."
"I am also studying economics."

Similarly, since modal verbs are usually followed by a second verb, "also" comes after modal verbs.

Examples:
"I can also speak French."
"I should also be there."

+ Too
USE:
"Too" is used in positive sentences to add an agreeing thought. It has the same meaning as "also," but its placement within the sentence is different.

Examples:
"Jane speaks French. Sam speaks French too."
"I love chocolate. I love pizza too."
"Frank can come with us. Nancy can come with us too."

PLACEMENT:
"Too" usually comes at the end of a clause.

Examples:
"I am Canadian too."
"I can speak French too."
"I am studying economics too."
"If he wants to go too, he should meet us at 8:00."

IMPORTANT:
Although "too" is usually placed at the end of a clause, it can sometimes be used with commas after the subject of the sentence. This is usually only done in formal speech.

Examples:
"Mr. Jones wanted the contract. Ms. Jackson, too, thought it was necessary."
"Donna is working on a solution to the problem. I, too, am trying to find a way to resolve the conflict."

+ Either
USE:
"Either" is used in negative sentences to add an agreeing thought.

Examples:
"Jane doesn't speak French. Sam doesn't speak French either."
"I don't love chocolate. I don't love pizza either."
"Frank cannot come with us. Nancy cannot come with us either."

PLACEMENT:
"Either" usually comes at the end of a clause.

Examples:
"I cannot speak French either."
"I am not studying economics either."
"I don't want to eat either."
"I didn't like the movie either."

Confusing Sentences:
Sometimes the first sentence is negative and the agreeing idea is positive.

Examples:
"The weather wasn't very appealing. I also wanted to stay home and finish my book. That's why I didn't go to the beach."
"The car wasn't expensive, and I needed a way to get around town too. That's why I bought it."

Sometimes the first sentence is positive and the agreeing idea is negative.

Examples:
"Jane is too short. She is not a good athlete either. I don't think she would make a good basketball player."
"He is lazy. He doesn't study either. That's why he doesn't do well in school."

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